Support sub-key queries (#457)

* Support sub-key queries

Also requires a refactoring of types.

In head-only mode - the metadata in the ledger is just the value, and the value can be anything.  So metadata() definition needs to reflect that.

There are then issues with appdefined functions for extracting metadata.  In theory an appdefined function could extract some unsopprted type.  So made explicit that the appdefined function must extract std_metadata() as metadata - otherwise functionality will not work.

This means that if it is an object key, that is not a ?HEAD key, then the Metadata must be a tuple (of either Riak or Standard type).

* Fix coverage issues

src/leveled_bookie.erl

@@ -2438,13 +2438,13 @@ recalcfor_ledgercache(
                 not_present;
             {LK, LV} ->
                 case leveled_codec:get_metadata(LV) of
-                    MDO when MDO =/= null ->
+                    MDO when is_tuple(MDO) ->
                         MDO
                 end
         end,
     UpdMetadata =
         case leveled_codec:get_metadata(MetaValue) of
-            MDU when MDU =/= null ->
+            MDU when is_tuple(MDU) ->
                 MDU
         end,
     IdxSpecs =

src/leveled_codec.erl

@@ -73,8 +73,9 @@
 -type segment_hash() :: 
         % hash of the key to an aae segment - to be used in ledger filters
         {integer(), integer()}|no_lookup.
+-type head_value() :: any().
 -type metadata() ::
-        tuple()|null. % null for empty metadata
+        tuple()|null|head_value(). % null for empty metadata
 -type last_moddate() ::
         % modified date as determined by the object (not this store)
         % if the object has siblings in the store will be the maximum of those
@@ -177,7 +178,8 @@
             regular_expression/0,
             value_fetcher/0,
             proxy_object/0,
-            slimmed_key/0
+            slimmed_key/0,
+            head_value/0
         ]).
 
 
@@ -428,6 +430,8 @@ to_querykey(Bucket, Key, Tag, Field, Value) when Tag == ?IDX_TAG ->
 -spec to_querykey(key()|null, key()|null, tag()) -> query_key().
 %% @doc
 %% Convert something into a ledger query key
+to_querykey(Bucket, {Key, SubKey}, Tag) ->
+    {Tag, Bucket, Key, SubKey};
 to_querykey(Bucket, Key, Tag) ->
     {Tag, Bucket, Key, null}.
 
@@ -779,19 +783,16 @@ gen_headspec(
     gen_headspec({IdxOp, v1, Bucket, Key, SubKey, undefined, Value}, SQN, TTL).
 
 
--spec return_proxy
+-spec return_proxy(
-    (leveled_head:headonly_tag(), leveled_head:object_metadata(), null, journal_ref())
+    leveled_head:object_tag(),
-        -> leveled_head:object_metadata();
+    leveled_head:object_metadata(),
-    (leveled_head:object_tag(), leveled_head:object_metadata(), pid(), journal_ref())
+    pid(),
-        -> proxy_objectbin().
+    journal_ref()) -> proxy_objectbin().
 %% @doc
 %% If the object has a value, return the metadata and a proxy through which
-%% the applictaion or runner can access the value.  If it is a ?HEAD_TAG
+%% the application or runner can access the value.
-%% then it has no value, so just return the metadata
+%% This is only called if there is an object tag - i.e. ?RIAK_TAG//STD_TAG or
-return_proxy(?HEAD_TAG, ObjectMetadata, _InkerClone, _JR) ->
+%% a user-defined tag that uses ObjMetadata in the ?STD_TAG format
-    % Object has no value - so proxy object makese no sense, just return the
-    % metadata as is
-    ObjectMetadata;
 return_proxy(Tag, ObjMetadata, InkerClone, JournalRef) ->
     Size = leveled_head:get_size(Tag, ObjMetadata),
     HeadBin = leveled_head:build_head(Tag, ObjMetadata),
@@ -872,7 +873,7 @@ get_size(PK, Value) ->
 
 -spec get_keyandobjhash(tuple(), tuple()) -> tuple().
 %% @doc
-%% Return a tucple of {Bucket, Key, Hash} where hash is a hash of the object
+%% Return a tuple of {Bucket, Key, Hash} where hash is a hash of the object
 %% not the key (for example with Riak tagged objects this will be a hash of
 %% the sorted vclock)
 get_keyandobjhash(LK, Value) ->

src/leveled_head.erl

@@ -49,29 +49,31 @@
 -type headonly_tag() :: ?HEAD_TAG.
     % Tag assigned to head_only objects.  Behaviour cannot be changed
 
--type riak_metadata() :: {binary()|delete, 
+-type riak_metadata() ::
-                                % Sibling Metadata
+        {
-                            binary()|null, 
+            binary()|delete, 
-                                % Vclock Metadata
+                % Sibling Metadata
-                            non_neg_integer()|null, 
+            binary()|null, 
-                                % Hash of vclock - non-exportable 
+                % Vclock Metadata
-                            non_neg_integer()
+            non_neg_integer()|null, 
-                                % Size in bytes of real object
+                % Hash of vclock - non-exportable 
-                            }. 
+            non_neg_integer()
--type std_metadata() :: {non_neg_integer()|null, 
+                % Size in bytes of real object
-                                % Hash of value 
+        }. 
-                            non_neg_integer(), 
+-type std_metadata() ::
-                                % Size in bytes of real object
+    {
-                            list(tuple())|undefined
+        non_neg_integer()|null, 
-                                % User-define metadata
+            % Hash of value 
-                            }.
+        non_neg_integer(), 
--type head_metadata() :: {non_neg_integer()|null, 
+            % Size in bytes of real object
-                                % Hash of value 
+        list(tuple())|undefined
-                            non_neg_integer()
+            % User-define metadata
-                                % Size in bytes of real object
+    }.
-                            }.
+        % std_metadata() must be outputted as the metadata format by any
+        % app-defined function
+-type head_metadata() :: leveled_codec:head_value().
 
--type object_metadata() :: riak_metadata()|std_metadata()|head_metadata().
+-type object_metadata() :: riak_metadata()|std_metadata().
 
 -type appdefinable_function() ::
     key_to_canonicalbinary | build_head | extract_metadata | diff_indexspecs.
@@ -80,12 +82,12 @@
 -type appdefinable_keyfun() ::
     fun((tuple()) -> binary()).
 -type appdefinable_headfun() ::
-    fun((object_tag(), object_metadata()) -> head()).
+    fun((object_tag(), std_metadata()) -> head()).
 -type appdefinable_metadatafun() ::
     fun((leveled_codec:tag(), non_neg_integer(), binary()|delete) ->
-        {object_metadata(), list(erlang:timestamp())}).
+        {std_metadata(), list(erlang:timestamp())}).
 -type appdefinable_indexspecsfun() ::
-    fun((object_tag(), object_metadata(), object_metadata()|not_present) ->
+    fun((object_tag(), std_metadata(), std_metadata()|not_present) ->
         leveled_codec:index_specs()).
 -type appdefinable_function_fun() ::
     appdefinable_keyfun() | appdefinable_headfun() |
@@ -96,12 +98,7 @@
 -type index_op() :: add | remove.
 -type index_value() :: integer() | binary().
 
--type head() ::
+-type head() :: binary()|tuple()|head_metadata().
-    binary()|tuple().
-    % TODO:
-    % This is currently not always a binary.  Wish is to migrate this so that
-    % it is predictably a binary
-
 
 -export_type([object_tag/0,
                 headonly_tag/0,
@@ -143,7 +140,9 @@ default_key_to_canonicalbinary(Key) ->
     leveled_util:t2b(Key).
 
 
--spec build_head(object_tag()|headonly_tag(), object_metadata()) -> head().
+-spec build_head
+    (object_tag(), object_metadata()) -> head();
+    (headonly_tag(), head_metadata()) -> head() .
 %% @doc
 %% Return the object metadata as a binary to be the "head" of the object
 build_head(?HEAD_TAG, Value) ->
@@ -253,22 +252,22 @@ default_reload_strategy(Tag) ->
     {Tag, retain}.
 
 -spec get_size(
-    object_tag()|headonly_tag(), object_metadata()) -> non_neg_integer().
+    object_tag(), object_metadata()) -> non_neg_integer().
 %% @doc
 %% Fetch the size from the metadata
 get_size(?RIAK_TAG, {_, _, _, Size}) ->
     Size;
-get_size(_Tag, {_, Size, _}) ->
+get_size(Tag, {_, Size, _}) when Tag =/= ?HEAD_TAG->
     Size.
 
 
 -spec get_hash(
-    object_tag()|headonly_tag(), object_metadata()) -> non_neg_integer()|null.
+    object_tag(), object_metadata()) -> non_neg_integer()|null.
 %% @doc
 %% Fetch the hash from the metadata
 get_hash(?RIAK_TAG, {_, _, Hash, _}) ->
     Hash;
-get_hash(_Tag, {Hash, _, _}) ->
+get_hash(Tag, {Hash, _, _}) when Tag =/= ?HEAD_TAG ->
     Hash.
 
 -spec standard_hash(any()) -> non_neg_integer().

src/leveled_log.erl

@@ -527,13 +527,19 @@ log_wrongkey_test() ->
         error,
         {badkey, wrong0001},
         log(wrong0001, [],[warning, error], ?LOGBASE, backend)
-    ),
+    ).
+
+logtimer_wrongkey_test() ->
+    ST = os:timestamp(),
+    % Note - 
+    % An issue with cover means issues with ?assertException, where the
+    % function being tested is split across lines, the closing bracket on the
+    % next line is not recognised as being covered. We want 100% coverage, so
+    % need to write this on one line.
     ?assertException(
         error,
         {badkey, wrong0001},
-        log_timer(
+        log_timer(wrong0001, [], ST, [warning, error], ?LOGBASE, backend)
-            wrong0001, [], os:timestamp(), [warning, error], ?LOGBASE, backend
-        )
     ).
 
 shouldilog_test() ->

src/leveled_runner.erl

@@ -636,7 +636,9 @@ accumulate_objects(FoldObjectsFun, InkerClone, Tag, DeferredFetch) ->
                 end,
             JK = {leveled_codec:to_objectkey(B, K, Tag), SQN},
             case DeferredFetch of
-                {true, JournalCheck} when MD =/= null ->
+                {true, false} when Tag == ?HEAD_TAG ->
+                    FoldObjectsFun(B, K, MD, Acc);
+                {true, JournalCheck} when is_tuple(MD) ->
                     ProxyObj = 
                         leveled_codec:return_proxy(Tag, MD, InkerClone, JK),
                     case {JournalCheck, InkerClone} of

src/leveled_sst.erl

@@ -3377,7 +3377,7 @@ generate_randomkeys(Seqn, Count, Acc, BucketLow, BRange) ->
     Chunk = crypto:strong_rand_bytes(64),
     MV = leveled_codec:convert_to_ledgerv(LK, Seqn, Chunk, 64, infinity),
     MD = element(4, MV),
-    MD =/= null orelse error(bad_type),
+    is_tuple(MD) orelse error(bad_type),
     ?assertMatch(undefined, element(3, MD)),
     MD0 = [{magic_md, [<<0:32/integer>>, base64:encode(Chunk)]}],
     MV0 = setelement(4, MV, setelement(3, MD, MD0)),

test/end_to_end/tictac_SUITE.erl

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 -include("leveled.hrl").
 -export([all/0, init_per_suite/1, end_per_suite/1]).
 -export([
+            multiput_subkeys/1,
             many_put_compare/1,
             index_compare/1,
             basic_headonly/1,
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@
             ]).
 
 all() -> [
+            multiput_subkeys,
             many_put_compare,
             index_compare,
             basic_headonly,
@@ -25,8 +27,76 @@ init_per_suite(Config) ->
 end_per_suite(Config) ->
     testutil:end_per_suite(Config).
 
-many_put_compare(_Config) ->
+
+multiput_subkeys(_Config) ->
+    multiput_subkeys_byvalue({null, 0}),
+    multiput_subkeys_byvalue(null),
+    multiput_subkeys_byvalue(<<"binaryValue">>).
+
+multiput_subkeys_byvalue(V) ->
+    RootPath = testutil:reset_filestructure("subkeyTest"),
+    StartOpts = [{root_path, RootPath},
+                    {max_journalsize, 10000000},
+                    {max_pencillercachesize, 12000},
+                    {head_only, no_lookup},
+                    {sync_strategy, testutil:sync_strategy()}],
+    {ok, Bookie} = leveled_bookie:book_start(StartOpts),
+    SubKeyCount = 200000,
+
+    B = {<<"MultiBucketType">>, <<"MultiBucket">>},
+    ObjSpecLGen =
+        fun(K) ->
+            lists:map(
+                fun(I) ->
+                    {add, v1, B, K, <<I:32/integer>>, [os:timestamp()], V}
+                end,
+                lists:seq(1, SubKeyCount)
+            )
+        end,
     
+    SpecL1 = ObjSpecLGen(<<1:32/integer>>),
+    load_objectspecs(SpecL1, 32, Bookie),
+    SpecL2 = ObjSpecLGen(<<2:32/integer>>),
+    load_objectspecs(SpecL2, 32, Bookie),
+    SpecL3 = ObjSpecLGen(<<3:32/integer>>),
+    load_objectspecs(SpecL3, 32, Bookie),
+    SpecL4 = ObjSpecLGen(<<4:32/integer>>),
+    load_objectspecs(SpecL4, 32, Bookie),
+    SpecL5 = ObjSpecLGen(<<5:32/integer>>),
+    load_objectspecs(SpecL5, 32, Bookie),
+
+    FoldFun =
+        fun(Bucket, {Key, SubKey}, _Value, Acc) ->
+            case Bucket of
+                Bucket when Bucket == B ->
+                    [{Key, SubKey}|Acc]
+            end
+        end,
+    QueryFun =
+        fun(KeyRange) ->
+            Range = {range, B, KeyRange},
+            {async, R} =
+                leveled_bookie:book_headfold(
+                    Bookie, ?HEAD_TAG, Range, {FoldFun, []}, false, true, false
+                ),
+            L = length(R()),
+            io:format("query result for range ~p is ~w~n", [Range, L]),
+            L
+        end,
+    
+    KR1 = {{<<1:32/integer>>, <<>>}, {<<2:32/integer>>, <<>>}},
+    KR2 = {{<<3:32/integer>>, <<>>}, {<<5:32/integer>>, <<>>}},
+    KR3 =
+        {
+            {<<1:32/integer>>, <<10:32/integer>>},
+            {<<2:32/integer>>, <<19:32/integer>>}
+        },
+    true = SubKeyCount == QueryFun(KR1),
+    true = (SubKeyCount * 2) == QueryFun(KR2),
+    true = (SubKeyCount + 10) == QueryFun(KR3),
+    leveled_bookie:book_destroy(Bookie).
+
+many_put_compare(_Config) ->    
     TreeSize = small,
     SegmentCount = 256 * 256,
     % Test requires multiple different databases, so want to mount them all